Q Discuss the events of Nationalization of Suez Canal by president Gamal Abdul Nasir.
Ans On 26 July, 1956 President Gamal Abdul Nasir of Egypt announced that his govt. would nationalize the Suez Canal Company. Suez Canal connected Mediterranean sea and the Red sea and was 105 miles long., it linked Mediterranean with Suez. Britain and France had bought shares in canal. the canal was designed and executed by a French Engineer, ferdinand de Lesseps.
Nasir's moral case for the nationalization of canal was fairly strong. From 1880 to 1936, the Egyptian Treasury had received no one penny of the huge profit made by canal company. In 1936, under the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty, the canal was specifically recognized as an integral part of Egypt. Responsibility for its defense was laid on Egypt, assisted by Britain until such times as the Egyptian army was strong enough to undertake the task alone. Finally under the Anglo-Egyptian Agreement (Suez Canal Base) of 1954, Egypt alone became responsible for defending the canal in peace time.
After Nasir's announcement, British troops were to be withdrawn and the last of the occupation troops did, in fact, embark at Port Said on 15 June, 1956. Nasir also wanted to divert a part of the canal income for the construction of 'ASWAN DAM'. West had refused to provide funds for Aswan dam and Russia had provided expertise and money for its construction. According to International Law Nasir had the right to nationalize the Suez Canal.
Britain and France colluding with Israel, encouraged Israel to invade Egypt. A Franco - British force could then intervene using the need to separate the combatants. The US was not informed of these plans. Israel invaded Sinai on 29 October 1956. Port Said suffered heavy damages and canal was seized by British and French forces.
America did not support the Anglo-French aggression and USSR threatened Britain and France for nuclear devastation. Entire Arab world supported Nasir and oil supply to Britain and France either slowed down or stopped. Therefore, Britain and France were obliged to back - down. They ordered their forces at Port Said to ceasefire , air and naval operations were also discontinued. Israel followed suit. After less than ten days of bombing and shelling, hostilities came to an end on 8 Nov. 1956. Nasir became an Arab hero.
Friday, 17 August 2012
Wednesday, 8 August 2012
cyprus problem
Q Discuss the Cyprus problem in detail.
Ans Cyprus is an island in the Eastern Meditteranean and is a Euro-Asian country. It differs in culture and religion between south and north. About 80% inhabitants are of Greek origin (Orthodox Christians) while the remainder are Turkish.
Cyprus was a British colony and became independent in 1960. With Archbishop Makarious as president, whgo died in 1977. In 1963 fighting broke out between Greek and Turkish Cypriots and following an appeal for help by Britain, The UN sent a peace keeping force in April 1964. However, the UN force could do little to solve the dispute. In 1974 under operation Atilla Turkish forces occupied nearly 40% of the Island in the north. Doctor Rauf Denktash has been the Turkish Cypriot leader for over forty five years. A UN Green Line has also been established between Greek/Turkish Cyprus. In 1983 Rauf Denktash declared Turkish occupied Cyprus as an independent Turkish state.
The Greek side of Cyprus (Republic of Cyprus) has a very thriving economy. Every year about 2.4 million tourists visit it. service industries like insurance, banking and shipping have developed much. The Republic of Cyprus with Nikosia as capital is a member of UN and it became a member of EU on 1st May, 2004. The Turksih side of Cyprus which is also called North Cyprus( has a de facto independence) and is not well developed.
Cyprus problem has been ethnicity, land, nationalism, revenge, territorial and population exchange and religion. Greece has helped Cyprus to acquire sophisticated defence equipment and Turkey as a member of NATO is backing Turkish Cypriots,
The longstanding enemity and distrust between Greece and Turkey has been a great hindrance in Cyprus problem. Turkey and Greece are members of NATO and Cyprus problem has created a wedge in NATO.
Turkey has been called upon to abandon any attempt to create a state in the occupied areas and to accept UN security council resolution, which calls for a federal settlement based on the undivided sovereignty of the island. In 1996 the Cyprus problem exacerbated due to military build up by Greece and Turkey. Attempts to reach a solution to the dispute has so far been unsuccessful in 2004 under the UN Kofi Annan plan.
In 1996 group of motorcyclists from the Cypriot diaspora assembled all over Europe rode to Cyprus to protest against division of Cyprus. In 2008 the well known Ledra street was demolihed which divided Nikosia.
Ans Cyprus is an island in the Eastern Meditteranean and is a Euro-Asian country. It differs in culture and religion between south and north. About 80% inhabitants are of Greek origin (Orthodox Christians) while the remainder are Turkish.
Cyprus was a British colony and became independent in 1960. With Archbishop Makarious as president, whgo died in 1977. In 1963 fighting broke out between Greek and Turkish Cypriots and following an appeal for help by Britain, The UN sent a peace keeping force in April 1964. However, the UN force could do little to solve the dispute. In 1974 under operation Atilla Turkish forces occupied nearly 40% of the Island in the north. Doctor Rauf Denktash has been the Turkish Cypriot leader for over forty five years. A UN Green Line has also been established between Greek/Turkish Cyprus. In 1983 Rauf Denktash declared Turkish occupied Cyprus as an independent Turkish state.
The Greek side of Cyprus (Republic of Cyprus) has a very thriving economy. Every year about 2.4 million tourists visit it. service industries like insurance, banking and shipping have developed much. The Republic of Cyprus with Nikosia as capital is a member of UN and it became a member of EU on 1st May, 2004. The Turksih side of Cyprus which is also called North Cyprus( has a de facto independence) and is not well developed.
Cyprus problem has been ethnicity, land, nationalism, revenge, territorial and population exchange and religion. Greece has helped Cyprus to acquire sophisticated defence equipment and Turkey as a member of NATO is backing Turkish Cypriots,
The longstanding enemity and distrust between Greece and Turkey has been a great hindrance in Cyprus problem. Turkey and Greece are members of NATO and Cyprus problem has created a wedge in NATO.
Turkey has been called upon to abandon any attempt to create a state in the occupied areas and to accept UN security council resolution, which calls for a federal settlement based on the undivided sovereignty of the island. In 1996 the Cyprus problem exacerbated due to military build up by Greece and Turkey. Attempts to reach a solution to the dispute has so far been unsuccessful in 2004 under the UN Kofi Annan plan.
In 1996 group of motorcyclists from the Cypriot diaspora assembled all over Europe rode to Cyprus to protest against division of Cyprus. In 2008 the well known Ledra street was demolihed which divided Nikosia.
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